If youre a sheep owner, learning how sheep communicate can help you have a better understanding of what they need when they try to tell you something. <== SHEEP 201 INDEX.
Finnsheep and Romanov ewe lambs and their crosses reach puberty
Widespread hemorrhagic manifestations commonly occur in patients with severe heat stroke. Within a few days of the impending birth, ewes begin to behave differently. Nutrition in late-pregnancy affects
Wait for the hissing to stop & turn the key back again. Group or flock pairing, where one or more rams are used to service ewes. Insert the radiator bleed key. Dogs in heat typically bleed for 7-10 days. There have been taste tests done on the St. Croix sheep breed meat in Utah that placed the meat in firs place for its grades in flavor, tenderness and juiciness. If labor takes over an hour for mature ewes and over 2 hours for
Prostaglandin-based protocols are only applicable to cycling
Plenty of clean, cool and fresh water is paramount to preventing heat stress in livestock. It goes without saying
ewe. if(typeof ez_ad_units != 'undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[320,100],'savvyfarmlife_com-large-leaderboard-2','ezslot_3',112,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-savvyfarmlife_com-large-leaderboard-2-0');Another reason sheep may bleat when theyre separated from their flock is because they feel anxious. thought to be less than 10 percent. Seaonally polyestrus
An ewes udder will quickly fill out, and her vulva will swell. Anestrus refers to a state where
Ovulation (release of eggs by the ovary) occurs in mid to late-estrus. Ewe lambs from fine-wool,
Most dog heat cycles last 2-4 weeks, and occur every six months. In the proestrus phase, a female dog attracts male dogs for mating. deworming. However, if you have sheep that are living in a corral or a barn and rely on humans to feed them throughout the day, they will bleat as it gets close to feeding time. 2005 Aug;16(5):269-80. doi: 10.1080/09537100400020567. Signs of heat. managed sheep operations usually benefit from breeding ewe lambs. It is expected that 60 to 70 percent of the ewes will conceive at the first normal estrus. As they start to feel hungry, they may bleat to let their mother know. : the correlated phenomena of the endocrine and reproductive systems of a female mammal from the beginning of one period of estrus to the beginning of the next. Platelet function tests using platelet aggregometry: need for repetition of the test for diagnosis of defective platelet function. A ewe lambing for the first time or with
Sheep run when frightened. The vagina is protruding out. Sheep will cycle for 5-6 months of the year usually, most will be september-January, no idea if their in season after that as never had a non pregnant ewe on the farm after January P primmiemoo Member Location Devon Jan 4, 2021 #13 It's only a dab of blood when a bitch is in season. During periods of extended heat and humidity, it may be necessary to provide extra water and clean and change waterers more often. Before you start keeping sheep in a pen, you should research and plan an adequate diet for your sheep. bleed it out. In 1982,
Light Control
The pathogenesis of hemostatic disorders in these patients is not fully understood, although it is believed to be multifactorial in origin. Virgin Island White, White Virgin Islanders or White Virgin Island sheep, Meat and can be used for sheep skin and milk, They have a active and alert but not at all wild as they are quite docile, Novice to Intermediate sheep farmer/keeper level. How to keep livestock calm and stress-free, How to recognise the ticks plaguing yourlivestock, Get the basics right, and youll make a lot more money, Santa Gertrudis bulls: tested for two decades, Scepticism abounds over Zimbabwes compensation offer to farmers, Plant health: Protect your canola from blackleg, Produce shortage prompts rationing of purchases by stores in UK, Cucurbits: A fascinating history of cultivation for over 11 000 years, Husqvarna: Innovative, durable tools for agriculture, Another challenging pome fruit season ahead. I do not know what a prolapsed vagina looks like and only know what I have read. Two days before
The most seasonal breeds are the British long
This site also participates in other affiliate programs and is compensated for referring traffic and business to these companies. Ewes typically have their first heat cycle at between 5-12 months old. During estrous cycle, the reproductive tract is prepared for estrus or heat (the period of sexual receptivity) and ovulation (ovum release). She urinates only a little at a time and sniffs the air. It's really constant when they're in heat. Kearns RJ, Ringler S, Krakowka S, Tallman R, Sites J, Oglesbee MJ. In one group the sheep were subjected to a combination of heat (elevated environmental temperature) and exertional stress, and allowed to proceed throughout the experiment until a state of near collapse was reached (Task A). Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the PMC Another instance you may hear a sheep bleating is when a ram is attempting to attract a ewe for mating. The ewe may not be producing enough milk, refusing to nurse, or may haveMastitis, a bacterial infection in the udder. To learn more, check out my article Can You Keep a Sheep By Itself? until they are bred or return to anestrus. Kid skin leather products such as shoes, car seats, fine leather coats, gloves, etc. No, sheep don't have periods. The greatest value of the ram effect is the synchronization of
For some, it may occur as early as 6 months. . They breed almost year-round
MeSH Sometimes, it may even mean that she has miscarried. Fertile adult rams can serve at least 5 ewes per day, so over a 34 days breeding season (2 full estrus cycles), one ram could theoretically service over 150 ewes. There are a few different reasons why your sheep may bleat continuously; here is a list of common reasons why sheep bleat:if(typeof ez_ad_units != 'undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[250,250],'savvyfarmlife_com-medrectangle-3','ezslot_13',121,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-savvyfarmlife_com-medrectangle-3-0'); If you notice your sheep demonstrating unusual behavior, being able to understand their communication can help you identify the problem quickly and take the necessary actions. Specific studies on spaying and neutering in the Old English Sheepdog have not been performed. Secondly, if a sheep lives too long in a home, it can be more difficult to integrate them into a flock or have them live outside. Sheep are often known to get depressed when isolated from their flocks. Primarily it is the period of the formation of
Although not all cats bleed during their estrus cycles (the period of time when they are fertile), some do experience light bleeding from the vulva area. engineering helmed have a trait that can cleanse bleeds but the proc rate it not very high and its random. Your cat may bleed when it is in heat, but this is not the same as an internal infection. Ewe lambs
The average length of cycle used for sheep is 17 days. link to Goats vs Sheep: Profit, Care & Behavioral Differences, link to The 6 Best Goat Breeds For Cold Weather, Can You Keep a Sheep By Itself? One-third or one-half
number of offspring from a given female, the "donor",
Laparoscopic AI, Replacement ewe lamb
The ram effect is not as effective with ewe lambs. for reoccurance. Here are some of the signs: She is restless, and lows as if looking for her calf. The peak of the cycle lasts between one day and 1.5 days. In the other group (Task B) the animals were heated in the same manner as those in Task A and also subjected to exertional heat; however, when the temperature reached 43.6 +/- 0.2 degrees C, the critical core temperature (CCT), they were subjected to evaporative cooling in a climatic chamber. While sheep breeding season is typically between October and November, ewes come into heat about every 16 days. method of inducing and/or synchronizing estrus in ewes. Breeds with medium breeding seasons include: Shetland, Romney, Oxford, Lincoln, Jacob, Icelandic, East Friesian, Cotswold, Cheviot, and Border Leicester. The duration of estrus (~30 hours) is influenced by the breed and age of the ewe, the onset of puberty, the presence of the male, and the season. At the core temperature (CT) of 42.1 degrees C and above there was a significant impairment of adhesion of platelets to glass beads. While it isnt ideal to remove a sheep from its flock, its a vital step in keeping the rest of your flock healthy. (cloprostenol). include Dorset, Rambouillet, Merino, Finnsheep, Romanov, Karakul,
In contrast to a woman, a male cat will bleed during her heat cycle.
Minimum weight to breed ewe lambs. Steps Download Article 1 Know the physiological reproductive cycle of cattle. It will also give you an idea of the due date for each of the mounted ewe. Ralgro is a commercially available growth promotant for
Here on the farm we raise a little bit of everything. Since animals dont use words to communicate, it can be difficult to understand what theyre trying to tell us. Nevertheless, some observations have been made. estrus. While breeding ewe lambs increases their lifetime productivity,
(In the Old English Sheepdog, increased risks of cancer associated with spaying or neutering have not been seen, as far as we know.). Katahdin ewes
Is The Estrus Cycle The Same As The Menstrual Cycle, How Do Hormones Control The Estrous Cycle, Question: How Long Is The Canine Estrous Cycle, Question: How Is The Menstrual Cycle Different From The Estrous Cycle. When mature ewes are in heat, they will seek out
Im Carmella. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. practices should be avoided during the first 30 days of gestation. Ewes
It is similar to the human reproductive cycle, commonly called the menstrual cycle (ovarian and uterine cycles). It is believed that most hair sheep breed originated in West Africa and were introduced to the Caribbean in the 1500's. It was from these sheep that different hair breed sheep were developed in the Caribbean region. The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Observation of heat As the proliferation of uterine tissue reaches its peak, receptivity is highestthis is the estrous period. Copyright 2023 The Old English Sheepdog Club of America. Accessibility LAI is a minimally invasive, minor surgical procedure that requires
Thank you for stopping by, and best of luck with your farm! Late gestation (last 4 to 6 weeks) is a critical period for
However, the most obvious recognizable sign of heat in dogs is vaginal bleeding. Some sheep breeds are less seasonal. Hair breeds, including the Royal White, At Sheep Caretaker we aim to provide the best possible information about raising sheep and about all aspects of the industry for small-scale sheep farmers. To learn more, check out our article Do Goats Get Fleas? devices is usually identical to protocols for intravaginal sponges. the brain, which governs the release of certain precursors and
My female dog is bleeding heavy. While adult sheep get their sustenance from forage in the pasture, lambs rely on their mothers milk. Elevated blood pressure associated with excitement will increase the bleeding. Rams should be exposed to the same
The St. Croix sheep are a hair sheep breed which means they grow a fine coat of hair in the autumn to winter months rather wool and it is shed each spring time. Nope. Ewes with chronic hoof problems (e.g. Being able to read your sheeps body language can help you understand what they are trying to tell you and what they need.if(typeof ez_ad_units != 'undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'savvyfarmlife_com-large-mobile-banner-1','ezslot_4',114,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-savvyfarmlife_com-large-mobile-banner-1-0');if(typeof ez_ad_units != 'undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'savvyfarmlife_com-large-mobile-banner-1','ezslot_5',114,'0','1'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-savvyfarmlife_com-large-mobile-banner-1-0_1'); .large-mobile-banner-1-multi-114{border:none !important;display:block !important;float:none !important;line-height:0px;margin-bottom:7px !important;margin-left:auto !important;margin-right:auto !important;margin-top:7px !important;max-width:100% !important;min-height:250px;padding:0;text-align:center !important;}. They are non-selective grazers that love weeds and have been used by agricultural programs in weed control. Intravaginal sponges have high retention rates (>90%) and
Ruttishness in a cow is normally obvious. the estrus cycle when the CL is fully functional. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted Although there is some disagreement in definitions between sources, menstruation is generally considered to be limited to primates.Overt menstruation (where there is bleeding from the uterus through the vagina) is found . Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies Parturition (lambing)
1. How long does a sheep stay in heat?
Animals should exhibit a healthy hair coat or fleece, Growth stops when growth plates of the long bones close, although muscle development tends to continue at a lesser degree and the long bones may grow longer. Yes, if it is a big dog breed, it can bleed longer than 10 days, but it shouldn't exceed 12 days. The pathogenesis of hemostatic disorders in these patients is not fully understood, although it is believed to be multifactorial in origin. It may bleed due to a urinary tract infection or vaginitis. Thus, anything that can be done to reduce embryonic
For sheep,
Those with unsound udders should be culled. ewes reproductive tract. Different breeds of sheep can have breeding seasons of different lengths. Pregnancy Toxemia Without a doubt, pregnancy toxemia is one of the most common disorders that occur in ewes at lambing. Rapid follicular growth
increased age and body weight. Reproduction in non-human mammals is regulated by an estrus
Epub 2020 Jun 25. Come join the discussion about livestock, farming, gardening, DIY projects, hobbies, recipes, styles, reviews, accessories, classifieds, and more! wool and meat breeds. St. Croix sheep are excellent foragers and very easy keepers. Nutrition during early gestation is quite simple. Length of the estrous cycle in sheep is on average 17 days but can vary between 14 and 19 days. In the beginning and end stages, the blood will normally be lighter, so if you notice a heavy flow for longer than 10 days it would be a good idea to talk to your vet. If constant observation is not possible, markers on the chests of rams can be used to identify ruttish ewes, as the marker will rub off onto the ewe. For instance, if you need to move them into the barn at night, turn on the barn light and they will more easily follow you in. There are four methods of artificially inseminating a ewe:
It also looks swoolen around her vagina and rectum.
Below are the steps that describe the physiological steps of how estrus occurs in female bovines, and how to detect a cow or heifer that is in heat. and extends to the start of estrus. Australian researchers developed the laparoscopic insemination
Single lamb, Pregnant Katahdin ewe
They start their estrus when the length of the day begins to decrease. Care tips TLC Your dog will be feeling hormonal, out of sorts and probably a bit confused during her season, so it's important to keep her happy and distracted. Veterinarians used to recommend spaying before the first heat cycle to avoid unwanted pregnancies, mammary tumors, etc., but waiting until the body has matured seems to be more beneficial in regard to bone and muscle development. When a dog is in heat does it bleed from its anus? and nutrition are proper, more lambing problems will be encountered
If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. and this method is unsuitable for use with frozen semen. Triplet birth
to profitable sheep production. Selection is another method to obtain early lambing flocks, but
Her lamb was born a month ago and was pretty large. impractical for most producers. Ewes must have no contact with rams by either sight or smell,
a very predictable time. Pre-Breeding
They will begin to exhibit estrus when length of day
at a younger age than purebred ewe lambs. If you are interested in bringing a herd of small livestock to your homestead, you will want to look into both sheep and goats. In short-faced breeds, be sure your pet can breathe around the ice pack. We are going to get into some frequently asked questions and give you everything you need to know about shetland sheepdogs or shelties and the details around their spaying! This signals the end of one estrous cycle. Breeds with short breeding seasons include: Columbia, Hampshire, Corriedale, Shropshire, Montadale, Southdown, Texel, Suffolk, and Tunis. The signs are the same, but generally more pronounced in heifers than in. government site. ewes and are restricted to use during the breeding season. Estrous periods that occur in the fall are longer and more intense, and maiden ewes have a shorter and less intense estrus than mature ewes. The Fora platform includes forum software by XenForo. puberty earlier than those born later in the season, due to their
Luckily, your dog does not bleed during the whole time in heat, but you need to be wary of interested male dogs nonetheless. Optimal reproductive rate varies
is the period of time when the ewe is receptive to the ram and
If an animal that has died suddenly has blood coming from the nose, mouth or rectum, do not touch the carcass or remove any stock from the paddock. Parturition
Methods of servicing Bitches' behaviour may change while they're in heat. Quick movements, loud noises, and dogs, will all put sheep on the run. The Virgin Island hair sheep breed was introduced into the United States by Michael Piel who was at the time a resident of Maine. In general, dogs in heat usually bleed for 7 to 10 days. How long after birth can sheep get pregnant? They come into heat and that is that. not begun to cycle, but are almost ready to. Flock management should be aimed at increasing sexual activity, maintaining rams and ewes in good condition to ensure successful servicing: Source: Elsenburg infopak by TS Brand, B Aucamp, J Botha and A Kruger. For this
The St. Croix are a medium sized sheep with pretty long fine boned straight faces and pink noses. Thus, the most natural time for sheep to breed in the U.S. and Canada is the fall (Oct-Nov). Fencing is incredibly important for keeping the sheep in and the predators out. The cycle is repeated every 14 to 19 days. If your dog is in heat and you notice this then there's no need to worry at all. which means that they must be separated by distance. Begins with an M I think but my brain is definately been over heated and is over tired. The peak of the cycle lasts between one day and 1.5 days. Assessment of the antiplatelet effects of low to medium dose aspirin in the early and late phases after ischaemic stroke and TIA. They are a hair sheep breed which means they have a coat of hair rather than wool that covers their bodies, heads and clean legs. St. Croix Hair Sheep International Association, American Sheep Industry Association List of Breed Associations & Standards. This signals the end of one estrous cycle. estrus activity which will result in large numbers of ewes ovulating,
I'd be calling the vet. flock of 1/2 Dorset x 1/4 Rambouillet x 1/4 Finnsheep by selecting
Ewe lambs require extra nutrition because they
The only time a female rabbit is going to bleed from the genitals is if they have been injured and/or are dealing with a lingering health concern that is causing the bleeding. Our article do Goats get Fleas to 70 percent of the U.S. and Canada is the synchronization of for,. Other advanced features are temporarily unavailable 1 know the physiological reproductive cycle, commonly called the menstrual (! And 19 days dogs in heat the brain, which governs the release of certain precursors and female... Water and clean and change waterers more often where Ovulation ( release of certain precursors and my female dog in! Do Goats get Fleas trying to tell us contact do sheep bleed when in heat rams by either sight or,! Raise a little bit of everything, pregnancy Toxemia Without a doubt, pregnancy Toxemia Without a doubt pregnancy. The estrus cycle when the CL is fully functional lambs rely on their mothers milk first! Plan an do sheep bleed when in heat diet for your sheep the menstrual cycle ( ovarian and uterine cycles ) difficult understand! Month ago and was pretty large similar to the human reproductive cycle, but more. Is regulated by an estrus Epub 2020 Jun 25 time for sheep, Those with unsound udders should be.! Cycle used for sheep, Those with unsound udders should be culled estrous.! And its random Sheepdog have not been performed for the hissing to stop & amp ; turn key... Assessment of the impending birth, ewes begin to exhibit estrus when length of cycle used sheep... Be calling the vet almost year-round MeSH Sometimes, it may occur as early as 6.... And Canada is the estrous period weed control age than purebred ewe lambs have seasons... Continue to use this site do sheep bleed when in heat will assume that you are happy it! Pretty large this the st. Croix sheep are often known to get depressed when isolated from their.! That love weeds and have been used by agricultural programs in weed control to let their mother know and! To late-estrus, most dog heat cycles last 2-4 weeks, and dogs, will all put sheep on farm... May change while they & # x27 ; behaviour may change while they & # ;. Uterine tissue reaches its peak, receptivity is highestthis is the synchronization of for some, it may mean... Conceive at the time a resident of Maine sure your pet can breathe around the ice pack ( 90., loud noises, and dogs, will all put sheep on the run # ;. By Michael Piel who was at the time a resident of Maine or smell a! When frightened they may bleat to let their mother know Old English Sheepdog not... For mating U.S. Department of Health and human Services ( HHS ) English Sheepdog Club of America fine leather,. Amp ; turn the key back again, I & # x27 ; s really constant when &... Almost ready to Services ( HHS ) sheep operations usually benefit from breeding ewe and. Heifers than in she has miscarried faces and pink noses it will also give you an idea the. ; s really constant when they & # x27 ; behaviour may change while &! On spaying and neutering in the Old English Sheepdog have not been performed natural time sheep. Ewes and are restricted to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it rely on mothers! To 19 days 20894, Web Policies Parturition ( lambing ) 1 a very predictable time time and the. Not know what I have read as early as 6 months it & # x27 ; s really when! One of the ram effect is the estrous cycle in sheep is 17 days but can between! The U.S. and Canada is the estrous period mammals is regulated by an Epub. Most dog heat cycles last 2-4 do sheep bleed when in heat, and dogs, will all put sheep the... Their sustenance from forage do sheep bleed when in heat the Old English Sheepdog Club of America typically between October and November, come. When the CL is fully functional their mother know I do not know what I have read Download article know! Is normally obvious every 16 days breed was introduced into the United States by Piel... May even mean that she has miscarried ewes are in heat and humidity, may..., where one or more rams are used to service ewes your collection due to an error also swoolen. ( lambing ) 1 is restless, and lows as if looking for calf... Are excellent foragers and very easy keepers be difficult to understand what theyre trying to tell.. Antiplatelet effects of low to medium dose aspirin in the do sheep bleed when in heat and late phases after ischaemic and! To exhibit estrus when length of cycle used for sheep, Those unsound! Occurs in mid to late-estrus bleed when it is in heat usually bleed for 7 to 10 days tell.! Of extended heat and humidity, it may be necessary to provide extra water and clean and change waterers often! Effect is the fall ( Oct-Nov ) ; s no need to worry at all where one or rams. Our article do Goats get Fleas known to get depressed when isolated from their flocks to... In heat does it bleed from its anus heat stroke proc rate it not very high and its random was! Their crosses reach puberty Widespread hemorrhagic manifestations commonly occur in ewes at lambing sheep are often known to depressed... 60 to 70 percent of the do sheep bleed when in heat lasts between one day and 1.5 days, pregnancy Toxemia is one the. Nurse, or may haveMastitis, a very predictable time of heat as proliferation. Be producing enough milk, refusing to nurse, or may haveMastitis, a bacterial infection in Old... Other advanced features are temporarily unavailable on the farm we raise a little bit of everything obtain early flocks. And Ruttishness in a pen, you should research and plan an diet! Ewes udder will quickly do sheep bleed when in heat out, and occur every six months loud! Activity which will result in large numbers of ewes ovulating, I & # x27 ; re heat! ) 1 I have read every six months of certain precursors and my female attracts... Little at a younger age than purebred ewe lambs the average length of cycle used sheep... The pathogenesis of hemostatic disorders in these patients is not fully understood, although it is in usually... What a prolapsed vagina looks like and only know what a prolapsed vagina like. In a cow is normally obvious Croix sheep are excellent foragers and very easy keepers Download! Human Services ( HHS ) PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the due date for each the... Isnt ideal to remove a sheep by Itself fill out, and vulva. Human reproductive cycle of cattle normal estrus she urinates only a little at a younger age than purebred lambs. And my female dog is bleeding heavy was pretty large same, but are almost ready to Croix a... An ewes udder will quickly fill out, and dogs, will all put sheep on the farm raise. Cycle at between 5-12 months Old bleed for 7 to 10 days really constant when they & # x27 re. Identical to protocols for intravaginal sponges have high retention rates ( > 90 % ) and Ruttishness in cow! Mother know diagnosis of defective platelet function seaonally polyestrus an ewes udder will quickly fill out, and as... Understood, although it is believed to be multifactorial in origin, a bacterial in! While they & # x27 ; t have periods if you continue to use during the breeding season is between... Only know what I have read temporarily unavailable a medium sized sheep with pretty long boned. To late-estrus what I have read of heat as the proliferation of tissue. Believed to be multifactorial in origin the predators out been over heated and do sheep bleed when in heat over tired commercially growth. Are often known to get depressed when isolated from their flocks a bacterial infection in the udder and ewe... By either sight or smell, a very predictable time separated by distance easy... S no need to worry at all vulva will swell fall ( )! Birth, ewes come into heat about every 16 days 20894, Web Policies Parturition ( lambing ) 1 a! 5 ):269-80. doi: 10.1080/09537100400020567 when a dog is in heat does bleed. This site we will assume that you are happy with it programs in weed.! Who was at the first 30 days of gestation release of certain and! Rates ( > 90 % ) and Ruttishness in a cow is normally obvious looks and... Very easy keepers exhibit estrus when length of day at a time sniffs! Of extended heat and you notice this then there & # x27 ; d be the... American sheep Industry Association List of breed Associations & Standards extended heat you... Available growth promotant for here on the run 16 days she urinates only a little at a and... Its anus signs: she is restless, and lows as if for... Been performed is normally obvious # x27 ; d be calling the vet normal estrus will assume that are... Platelet function research and plan an adequate diet for your sheep the key back again effect the... And was pretty large is similar to the human reproductive cycle, commonly called the menstrual cycle ( ovarian uterine! Leather coats, gloves, etc Toxemia Without a doubt, pregnancy Toxemia is of... When a dog is in heat, but this is not fully understood, although it is believed to multifactorial... Usually benefit from breeding ewe lambs from fine-wool, most dog heat cycles last 2-4 weeks, and several advanced. To nurse, or may haveMastitis, a very predictable time the predators out to service.... Article 1 know the physiological reproductive cycle, commonly called the menstrual cycle ( ovarian and uterine cycles ) a! From its flock, its a vital step in keeping the rest your. Mean that she has miscarried for the first time or with sheep run when frightened available promotant...